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subjects of International Law

                              Subjects of International Law


Introduction


International law is a system of agreements and treaties between states that aids in the establishment and maintenance of international cooperation as well as regulating the connection between nations and how one nation interacts with another. Alternatively, we can say that international law is a set of norms that are created by different nations through various treaties and customary practices, and that these norms govern how one nation interacts with other nations. 'Public International Law' and 'Private International Law' are the two branches of international law that are split or classed.


Subjects of International Law


Different entities with international personality are referred to as subjects of international law. Those entities whose rights, responsibilities, and obligations are governed by international law and who have the authority to impart these rights, duties, and international obligations through an international claim. International law subjects do not refer to different types of international law. It simply refers to entities that have been granted rights and powers under international law. Earlier, this topic, i.e., subjects of international law, was not a hot topic in international organizations, but after the LPG policy was introduced in 1991, it became a hot topic in international organizations. The simple reason for this is that previously, only states were included or qualified for international personality, whereas in the current scenario, many other entities other than states are qualified for international personality. States, International Organizations, Non-State Entities, Special Case Entities, Individuals, Minorities, and Indigenous Peoples are the main topics of international law. All of this is described, including what these issues are and why they are considered international law matters.


  • States are the first and most important subjects of international law, and their legal personalities are generated from the international system's framework. One advantage is that all states have equal rights and legal persons on the world stage. The International Organization is primarily concerned with each state's rights and responsibilities, and as a result, the International Organization establishes regulations that each state must adhere to. International Organizations are associations of different governments that are founded via the use of a treaty or agreement between different nations, and their purpose extends beyond the states to deal with international conflict. The legal standing of international organizations in international law has been questioned from their inception and growth in the early nineteenth century. The status of international organizations, on the other hand, is decided by a treaty between states.


  • Non-State entities are organizations that are not registered as independent states and do not have the same legal status as states. In international law, non-state entities have a unique form of personality.


  • Special Case entities are the subjects of International law and Special case entities are classified into two categories which are granted special unique status under International law and they are the Sovereign Order of Malta, and the Holy See and the Vatican City.  

  • Indigenous Peoples a special issue that came under International law. Despite so many attempts of the United Nations to recognize group rights to Indigenous peoples but nothing changed and it is still considered as a specific category of minorities with special needs.
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